Focus group discussion on immunization media campaign in order to maximize the contributions of parents toward solutions to the problem of underimmunization in children, participants were asked several questions relative to the plans of the cdph to embark on a campaign for immunization. This paper uses the definition of focus group as a controlled group discussion, on the basis that the group interaction generated through discussion is of prior importance to this methodology. P2 the second participant in this focus group discussion said that in addition that the high school is located far from our village. There are only a few basic rules to keep in mind while participating today.
Regardless of mode inperson, telephone, or online, focus. The purpose of the study is to examine insert topic of study. The advantages of focus group discussion are as follows. The purpose of this risk communication and community engagement guide is to help you run a focus group discussion fgd with. Conducting focus group discussions the purpose of focus group discussions is to gain knowledge about a particular topic or need by interviewing a group of people directly affected by the issue. Focus group discussion relies on facilitators or moderators to guide the group s discussion berg, 1989. Congratulate and thank the participants on the success of the exercise. Some editing may increase readability, but it is important that the character of the respondentscomments be maintained, even if at times they use poor grammar or appear to be confused. Wherever possible, there should be a focus group team. Research suggests that group discussion can cause participant attitudes to become more extreme, which could in turn result in greater unification of group opinions or polarize participants. The moderator stimulates discussion with comments or subjects. A focus group discussion is a structured discussion used to obtain indepth information qualitative data insight from a group of people about a particular topic. On the other hand, in research situations that are time 110 focus groups 07stewart5002. The group discussion gives group members the opportunity to discover for themselves the importance of human rights values.
It is important to have a note taker to record the focus group feedback. A focus group discussion fgd is a good way to gather together people from. However, i would appreciate it if only one person did talk at a time. The group of participants is guided by a moderator or group facilitator who introduces topics for discussion and helps the group to. Determine how many participants you want in each group. It is a systematic and purposeful interactive oral process. Focus group discussion diskusi kelompok terfokus sebagai. Focus group discussion at chucchepati site, kathmandu facilitated by iom 29th july to 31st july, 2015 introduction six focus group discussions were held at chucchepati site over the course of three days with the objective of finding out the return intention of the site residents. Focus group discussion guide set 3 variables, questions. Focus groups require selfdisclosure of information by participants, but.
Thus, little is gained by excluding these categories of data collection because they already fall. During an fgd, a researcher and assistant facilitates a discussion with a small group of people using predetermined questions. Each focus group should have between six and ten participants. On the other hand, there is the observation of naturally occurring groups, which typically do not involve the researcher in determining the topic of discussion. The guide is designed to help ndi program staff in the field and in d. How to conduct a successful focus group discussion atlan. This paper uses the definition of focus group as a controlled group discussion, on the basis that the group interaction generated through discussion is. A focus group is a small group discussion guided by a trained leader.
This microsoft word document includes the following sections to complete with your market research team. Common in evaluation, communication and market research, they are a useful tool to assess the target audiences knowledge and attitudes towards the campaign issue, or towards the campaign materials and messages e. Focus group discussion guide for communities unicef. Homogeneity is most often sought in terms of occupation, social class, educational level, age, education, or family characteristics, and gender unless interaction across these groups is what is driving the study. At this time, the moderator makes a quick check to ensure. The general characteristics of the focus group are peoples involvement, a series of meetings, the. Focus group discussion is suitable for indepth study of the particular opinions and reactions in targetaudience as well as research of new creative solutions. Metode focus group discussion fgd merupakan pendekatan yang umum digunakan untuk mengumpulkan datainformasi pada penelitian kualitatif, tidak terkecuali penelitian keperawatan yang saat ini semakin populer menggunakan metode fgd sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Based on classical grounded theory analysis, we found that peertopeer cooperative learning pcl has several advantages.
Focus group discussion guide set 3 variables, questions and summary tables for resource threats, perceptions on. Focus group data can be used to collect information for many purposes, such as conducting a needs assessment or evaluating a program. Group discussion is an important activity in academic, business and administrative spheres. Abstract the efficacy of focus group discussion as a qualitative data collection methodology is put on the line by. Focus group discussions are facilitated discussions, held with a small group of people who have specialist knowledge or interest in a particular topic.
Focus group discussion conclusions blora district, central java november 2009 laura paler columbia university 1 main points there is a high demand for better government in blora, but ordinary citizens do not feel empowered to bring about change. A qualitative framework for collecting and analyzing data in. Focus group interviewing richard krueger 4 beginning the focus group discussion the first few moments in focus group discussion are critical. Below is a summary of the information in the consent form that focus group organizers and facilitators should use to make sure participants understand the information in the consent form. A betweengroups design n 98 was used to examine the learning effects of feedback if provided to discussion groups, and to examine whether group. A moderator must be identified who is familiar and comfortable with the group process and one who can keep the participants on target. Thus, little is gained by excluding these categories of. Potential impact of groupthink on the outcome of focus group discussion groupthink is a psychological observable fact that occurs within groups of people. Focus group discussion a focus group discussion fgd is a good way to gather together people from similar backgrounds or experiences to discuss a specific topic of interest. The method allows you to see the respondents behaviour, attitudes and emotions.
Additionally, you may want to invite participants from roughly the same rank. Focus group discussion guidelines focus group discussions, or fgds are a qualitative research method. It is the manner of thoughts that happens when the desire for harmony in a decisionmaking group overshadows a pragmatic appraisal of alternatives. Focus group participants should be characterized by homogeneity, but with sufficient variation to allow for contrasting opinions.
The following is a modified excerpt from applied qualitative research design. It is for this reason that the political party development team produced from proposal to presentation. The aim is to create conditions that promote both comfort and independence of thought, in order to maximise discussion and selfdisclosure ibid. Fewer than six participants may limit the conversation and yield poor data while more than ten can be unwieldy. Dec 04, 20 a focus group discussion is a structured discussion used to obtain indepth information qualitative data insight from a group of people about a particular topic. Filipino psychology focus group discussion group interview. In a brief time the moderator must create a thoughtful, permissive atmosphere, provide ground rules, and set the tone of the discussion. Two key features of the focus group come from the name. Definition of a focus group focus group discussions fgds are defined as semi structured group discussions, which yield qualitative data on the community level by facilitating interaction between participants. The focus group interview process involves a tremendous amount of planning prior to the facetoface contact with the group participants, but actually conducting the focus interviews is the key part of the process.
Most of the teachers are graduated from the 12th grade and right now they have been assigned as teachers at the aforesaid high school. Focus group discussions can be applied at any stage of the project or programme. Focus group discussion ppt focus group qualitative. Invitations to participate in the focus groups were sent to 70 neighborhood, community and business stakeholders who are actively engaged in their neighborhoods in a leadership capacity. The goal of todays meeting is to understand if the internal communications and news you currently receive is effective, relevant and valuable to you.
The exchange of ideas takes place in a systematic and structured. A focus group discussion fgd is a qualitative research method and data collection technique in which a selected group of people discusses a given topic or issue indepth, facilitated by a professional, external moderator. Learn english with lets talk free english lessons recommended for you. The research is focused, and the format is a group.
Evaluating the efficacy of focus group discussion fgd in. The group s composition and the group discussion should be carefully planned to create a nonthreatening environment, so that participants feel free to talk openly and give honest. Focus group discussion ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. We created the focus group report template to help you communicate the findings of a focus group quickly and efficiently. Traditionally, focus group research is a way of collecting qualitative data, whichessentially involves engaging a small number of people in an informal group discussion or discussions, focused around a particular topic or set of issues wilkinson, 2004, p. Focus group discussion guide set 3 variables, questions and. Focus group discussion guide university of washington. In virtually every focus group discussion fgd, participants. A focus group discussion involves gathering people from similar backgrounds or experiences together to discuss a specific topic of interest. The following represent the questions and the ensuing. Focus groups should bring together 5 to 12 participants selected to represent the target audience, or specific segments thereof. Evaluating the efficacy of focus group discussion fgd in qualitative social research william boateng, phd department of sociology university of saskatchewan 1019 9 campus drive, saskatoon sk.
Focus groups explicitly use group interaction as part of the method kitzinger 1995. At the very least, you may want to make sure that graduate students and nontenured faculty parttime or fulltime are not in a focus group with senior faculty or administrators who may wield power over them. Focus group discussion overseas development institute. The groups composition and the group discussion should be carefully planned to create a nonthreatening environment, so that participants feel free to talk openly and give honest. This method serves to solicit participants attitudes and perceptions, knowledge and experiences, and. Free and open discussion among the respondents results in generation of new ideas that can be very useful for decisionmaking. This study describes how focal group discussion represented an. The moderator asks broad questions to elicit responses and generate discussion among. The analysis sequence continues after the focus group with an immediate debriefing with the moderator and assistant moderator. A topic is presented to the group members for discussion. The moderator can bring any changes in order to better facilitate the discussion during the group discussion. The purpose of a focus group is to collect information about peoples opinions, beliefs, attitudes, perceptions, not to come to consensus or make a decision.
A focus group discussion or fgd is a qualitative research method in the social sciences, with a particular emphasis and application in the developmental program evaluation sphere. One person is the facilitator and the other is the note taker. A focus group is a smallgroup discussion guided by a trained leader. I explained these procedures to you when we set up this meeting. It is a form of qualitative research where questions are asked about their perceptions attitudes, beliefs, opinion or. Insights from two decades of application in conservation article pdf available in methods in ecology and evolution 99.
Chapter 6 analyzing focus group results 141 participants, and that a short verbal summary at the conclusion of the discussion allows for verification. Heong the focus group discussion fgd is a rapid assessment, semi. They are used to find out the perceptions and attitudes of a defined group of people. It is used to learn more about opinions on a designated topic, and then to guide future action. I want this to be a group discussion, so feel free to respond to me and to other members in the group without waiting to be called on. Even after repeated emphasis on privacy, participants in fgd3 and fgd4 talked about security and not privacy. A qualitative framework for collecting and analyzing data. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. Here the exchange of ideas, thoughts and feelings take place through oral communication. These characteristics are true to the flow of the discussion, but they may make it difficult for a reader to follow the text. Focus group discussion summary sfmta held two focus group meetings on october 4th and 5th, 2016. For each of the prioritized root causes in process b, the group will be asked to recommend or suggest doable solutions or actions to resolveaddress these core problems. It is a form of qualitative research where questions are asked about their perceptions attitudes, beliefs, opinion or ideas. Consent forms for focus group participants are completed in advance by all those seeking to participate.
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